The Franck - Hertz Apparatus (Model No: HO-ED-EM-04) is designed for verifying the existence of quantized states. The instrument can, not only lead to a plot of the amplitude spectrum curve by means of point by point measurement, but also directly display the amplitude spectrum curve on the oscilloscope screen.
The Franck-Hertz experiment is a fundamental quantum physics experiment which confirmed the quantization of atomic energy levels. This experiment supports Bohr model of atom. Apparatus used for the experiment consist of a tube containing low pressure gas, fitted with four electrodes.
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To measure the excitation potential of Argon using the Franck - Hertz method
To verify that atomic systems have discrete energy levels by bombarding electrons and observing the difference in energy levels
| Franck - Hertz Tube | Argon Filled Tetrode |
| Power Supply Unit | |
| VG1K | 1.20 - 5.00 V (continuously variable) |
| VG2K | 0.00 - 95.00 V (continuously variable) |
| VG2A | 1.30 - 14.50 V (continuously variable) |
| Filament Voltage | 2.8 - 3.40V (continuously variable) |
| Saw tooth waveform for CRO display | |
| Scanning Voltage | 0 - 90 V |
| Scanning Frequency | 18 ± 2 Hz |
| Input Power | 230 V / 50 Hz |
Established in 1993, Holmarc Opto-Mechatronics Ltd manufactures variety of scientific and engineering instruments for research, industry and education.
Goniometer Based Apparatus for diffraction experiments (Model No: HO-ED-D-03) is designed as a versatile instrument suitable for any optics laboratory. It is goniometer based construction allows the user to configure it for multitudes of applications.
The apparatus can be used for studying both reflecting and transmitting type diffracting elements. Unlike conventional spectrometer goniometers, all modules in this device are open, simple and easy to assimilate. This feature gives student’s better understanding.
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Experiment
Diffraction of light by single slit| Single slit | 100 & 200 micron |
| Double slit | 50 & 100 micron |
| Transmission grating | 8 & 10 lines / mm |
| Single wire | 75 micron |
| Cross wire | 75 micron |
| Wire mesh | 65 micron or 15 lines / mm |
| Pinhole | 400 micron |
| Focal length | 202 mm |
| Diameter | 50 mm |
Holmarc's Apparatus Model HO-ED-D-02A is meant for the study of diffraction patterns of single slits and to confirm Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. Here, the diffraction pattern is closely studied using a detector mounted on a translation stage. The device consists of 1.2 meters long optical rail along with carriages and opto-mechanics. At one end of the rail, X-translation stage with detector is mounted and at the other end, laser is held on a kinematic mount. Linear scale attached to the rail makes length measurements easy and convenient.
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Experiment
To observe the diffraction pattern and calculate the slit width| Optical Rail Length | 1200 mm |
| Diode Laser Wavelength | 650 nm |
| Detector Sensor range | 0 - 199 milli / micro amperes |
| Detector Mount linear travel | 25 mm |
| Slit | Width = 50, 100, 150, 200 microns |